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DUNHUANG ART

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Cave Nos. [ 1 - 50   |  51 - 100  |  101 - 150  |  151 - 200  |  201 - 250 ]

[ 251 - 300   |  301 - 350  |  351 - 400  |  401 - 450  |  451 - 492 ]

Cave No. 251

Period of Construction: Northern Wei (renovated during the Five Dynasties and Qing).

Contents: The east-facing niche on the central column contains a statue of a cross-legged sitting Buddha redecorated in Qing; outside the niche are bodhisattva statues, one on each side. The south side of the column contains a niche with the statue of a cross-ankled bodhisattva on the top layer. The west-facing niche shows the statue of a meditating Buddha, the beam of the niche shows a carved dragon head. The north side of the column contains a niche which has a statue of cross-ankled bodhisattva. Seen on the upper portion of the west wall are the figures of seventeen celestial musicians and cross-legged sitting Buddha; in the middle portion are miniature Buddhas while at the lower level are twelve yakÀas. The upper portion of the south wall exhibits the figures of twenty-three heavenly musicians; the middle portion features a preaching scene, the rear portion shows miniature Buddhas with a preaching scene in the centre; at the lower level are fourteen yakÀas. There are twenty-six heavenly musicians painted on the north wall while the middle and lower portion having similar paintings as the south wall. Above the entrance on the east wall is a ventilator with fourteen celestial musicians on both sides; to the north of the entrance are miniature Buddhas (partially damaged).

Period of Construction: Tang (renovated during Western Xia).

Contents: The centre of the ceiling shows coiled dragon and lotus designs. Each of the four slopes has a preaching scene. The niche on the west wall shelters a horse-hoof shaped Buddha throne without statue. The north and south walls feature an illustration of the Sukh¡vat¢-S£tra (partially damaged). Portraits of three cross-legged sitting Buddhas cover the space above the entrance of the east wall. On the north and south sides of the entrance are fragments of damaged paintings.

Period of Construction: Sui Dynasty.

Contents: The niche on the west wall shelters statues of a Buddha, two disciples and a bodhisattva. The bodhisattva statue on the south side is lost.

Period of Construction: Northern Wei (renovated in Sui).

Contents: Corridor: The north wall of the corridor has a preaching scene.

Main Hall: The east, north and south-facing niches on the central column contain a cross-ankled sitting Buddha statue each. The Buddha statue in the north-facing niche is flanked by an attending bodhisattva statue on both sides. The west-facing niche contains a statue of a meditating bodhisattva. Outside the niche, on the west side are twenty-two bodhisattva statues. The north- facing niche also features a cross-legged sitting Buddha. The west wall has eighteen heavenly musicians at the top and miniature Buddhas in the middle; white-robed Buddha inside a niche forms the central painting of the miniature Buddhas; below this is a border design, at the lower level are the figures of seventeen yak¦as. The niche on the south wall contains the statue of a cross-ankled sitting Maitreya bodhisattva with two snakes hanging on his chest. The north wall features the same paintings as the south wall. Above the entrance of the east wall there is a window. On the window is painted lotus design which is blackened by fumigation. To the north of the entrance, on the top portion are celestial musicians, miniature Buddhas are seen in the middle portion and the lower portion shows Vajra warriors.

Period of Construction: Sui Dynasty.

Contents: The four slopes of the ceiling and the north and south walls are decorated with miniature Buddhas. The niche on the west wall shows flame designs on its lintel; outside the niche on the north and south sides are a flying figure and a bodhisattva each. Remnants of damaged miniature Buddhas are on the north and south walls.

Period of Construction: Song (the statues being redecorated during Qing).

Contents: Ante-room: The south side of the entrance on the west wall has a faded illustration of the Maµju¿r¢-S£tra, the north side of the entrance has a faded illustration of Samantabhadra-S£tra.

Corridor: The ceiling shows floral patterns in the centre; the north and south slopes are painted with decorative hangings. There are eight bodhisattvas on the south wall and five bodhisattvas on the north wall.

Main Hall: The central altar contains the statue of a cross-legged sitting Buddha cast in Song and statues of two disciples and four bodhisattvas cast in Qing. The north, south and west walls display miniature Buddhas, some are either faded or damaged. Above the entrance of the east wall are miniature Buddhas on lotus, to the south and north of the entrance are also miniature Buddhas; at the lower level are male and female donors.

Period of Construction: Northern Wei (renovated in Song).

Contents: The east-facing niche of the central column contains a statue of the sitting-preaching Buddha. The niche has a carved dragon head on the beam. Outside the niche, to the north is a devar¡ja statue. Drawn on the walls of the niche are figures of Aupap¡dakas and halo; ten bodhisattvas and two flying figures can be seen on each of the two sides. The south-facing upper niche on the central column features a "thinking" bodhisattva statue, while in the lower niche the ascetic-practising Buddha statue is damaged (headless). The north-facing niche on the column features a statue of cross-legged sitting Buddha while that facing west features a meditating Buddha statue. The top portion of the west wall shows sixteen heavenly musicians, the middle portion has miniature Buddhas with a figure of a cross-legged sitting Buddha preaching the law in the centre; at the lower level, from south to north is the illustration of the j¡taka stories of the nine- coloured deer and Sumati. Below these two stories is a decorative design and further below is a row of yakÀas. The front section of the south wall portrays seven celestial musicians; the middle portion shows a portrait of Vairocana Buddha and the rear top section shows sixteen heavenly musicians; the middle portion is painted with miniature Buddhas with a Buddha standing in a stupa in the centre; below it is the scene of a ¿r¡ma¸era who observes ¿¢la and commits suicide. Further below is a row of yakÀas. The front upper portion of the north wall shows four celestial musicians; the middle portion has a preaching scene while the lower portion is damaged. The rear upper portion of the north wall shows seventeen heavenly musicians; the middle portion is covered by miniature Buddhas with a Buddha standing in a stupa in the centre. The story of Sumati is described below and further below is a row of yakÀas.

Period of Construction: Middle Tang (renovated during the Five Dynasties and Qing).

Contents: Ante-room: On the west slope there are fragments of three Avalokite¿varas, the one in the centre flanked by Amoghap¡¿a Avalokite¿vara and Cint¡ma¸i-Cakra Avalokite¿vara. The top portion on the west wall reveals an invocation inscribed during the Five Dynasties, on the south and north of the entrance are the portraits of Vir£dhaka and Vai¿rava¸a respectively. The south and north walls feature Maµju¿r¢ and Samantabhadra respectively, all painted during the Five Dynasties.

Corridor: The ceiling has fragments of an eleven-headed Avalokite¿vara with a damaged painting on the south wall drawn in the Five Dynasties.

Main Hall: The caisson ceiling is damaged and pictures on the four slopes blackened. The niche on the sloped ceiling of the west wall shelters statues of a disciple, two bodhisattvas, four devar¡jas cast in Tang and a statue of a cross-legged sitting Buddha cast in Qing. The south wall illustrates the S£tra for Redemption from Indebtedness. The east side illustrates the Chapter on Discourse while the west side illustrates the Chapter on Evil Friends. The west end reveals a standing bodhisattva. The Amit¡yus S£tra is illustrated on the north wall, with Aj¡ta¿atru to the east and the sixteen meditations to the west. Painted on the west end is a standing bodhisattva which is blackened. Above the entrance of the east wall is a Buddha preaching. On the south side of the entrance is a thousand-armed and thousand-eyed Avalokite¿vara (the lower portion is damaged), while on its north is a thousand-armed Maµju¿r¢ with bowls in hands.

Period of Construction: Northern Wei (renovated during Song).

Contents: The cave has reversed V-shape ceiling in the front portion. Both the slopes have faded and destroyed paintings. In the rear the ceiling flattens with six miniature Buddhas repainted on it in Song. The central column in the centre on the west has a niche which contains statues of á¡kyamuni and Prabh£taratna sitting side by side. On either side of the niche are two bodhisattva statues, with a bodhisattva statue further away on the north and south side of the column. Inside the niche the walls are painted with fourteen bodhisattvas, two bodhi-ratna canopies and ten flying figures. There are three niches on the top portion of the south wall. East-westwards the first niche in a corner has a preaching scene, while outside the niche, on the west side are portraits of two bodhisattvas. The second niche shelters the statue of a cross-legged sitting bodhisattva. The third niche houses a cross-ankled bodhisattva with the east side showing the figures of two bodhisattvas and the west miniature Buddhas. At a lower level in the west end is a niche inside which there are statues of Buddha in padm¡sana and a bodhisattva. There is a carved dragon head on the beam. Adorning the north wall is a preaching scene showing a Buddha, two bodhisattvas and eight flying figures. Below the preaching scene on the upper layer of the wall are four niches. From east to west is the first niche which is damaged. Two bodhisattvas are painted on the west of the niche. The second niche contains a meditating bodhisattva. The third and the fourth niches each contain a cross-ankled bodhisattva. Below them there are also three niches. Beginning from east the first niche contains a statue of a meditating Buddha. On its west side only one bodhisattva remains. Painted on the wall inside the niche are two flying figures around the halo. Outside the niche there are seven bodhisattvas on the west. The second niche has a statue of a Buddha preaching. The east and west sides have damaged statues of bodhisattvas. The third niche has the statue of a sitting Buddha preaching with bodhisattva statues on both sides. A dragon head in relief forms the beam. Outside the niche on the west side are the miniature Buddhas. The lower layer has three niches.

Period of Construction: Northern Wei (renovated in Song).

Contents: Corridor: Donors painted on the north and south walls have faded.

Main Hall: Sheltered in the circular east-facing niche on the central column is a preaching Buddha. On either side of the niche is a statue of bodhisattva. Its wall has a flaming halo with eight bodhisattvas and two flying figures on both sides, and beneath each is a lotus with ma¸i-ratna. The niche lintel shows the lonicera and lotus designs, with a carved phoenix head on the beam. There are statues of fifty-one bodhisattvas on each side. The top part of the south-facing side of the column has a niche with a cross-ankled sitting bodhisattva. Outside the niche, there are twenty-nine bodhisattvas on each side. There is another niche at the lower level. The west-facing side has a niche on top housing a preaching Buddha statue. Outside the niche, there are three bodhisattvas on each side. Another niche below featuring a meditating Buddha. The north-facing column has a niche on top with statue of a cross-ankled bodhisattva. Outside the niche, on either side are two bodhisattvas. The wall shows two bodhisattvas and two musicians. Above the niche are two phoenixes, four Aupap¡dakas and figures of twenty-two bodhisattvas. On the lower level another niche shows a meditating Buddha in padm¡sana while outside the niche on its two sides are two bodhisattvas each. Portraits of two bodhisattvas are seen on the niche's wall. The west wall of the niche shows sixteen celestial musicians (a majority is damaged due to fumigation) on the top portion. The middle portion has miniature Buddhas with a meditating Buddha in the centre. The lower portion shows border designs with yakÀas painted below the designs. Heavenly musicians are seen in the top portion of the front section of the south wall of which ten figures are extant. Miniature Buddhas cover the middle portion of the south wall with Maµju¿r¢-S£tra in the centre. The lower portion has a border decoration and a donor figure drawn in Song, further below are the yakÀas drawn during Northern Wei. The rear portion shows twelve heavenly musicians. The middle portion shows the miniature Buddhas with a preaching Buddha in the centre. The lower portion has the border designs and further below are the yakÀas. The top portion on the north wall has ten celestial musicians, miniature Buddhas having a preaching scene in the centre decorate the middle level and the lower level shows border designs and a donor figure drawn in Song. The lowest level shows yakÀas drawn during Northern Wei. Six celestial musicians are seen above the entrance of the east wall. Narrative paintings are shown below. This cave was damaged by the Russians living in the neighbourhood in the past.

Period of Construction: The Five Dynasties.

Contents: Ante-room: Three scenes of Avalokite¿vara-S£tra are seen in three corners of the west wall, an invocation which is inscribed can also be seen on the west wall. On the north and south sides of the entrance are illustrations of the Vimalak¢rti-nirde¿a-S£tra showing Vimalak¢rti and Maµju¿r¢. The north and south walls display s£tra illustration and damaged paintings respectively.

Corridor: The south wall features male donors of the Cao family.

Main Hall: The west slope of the ceiling illustrates the Maitreya-S£tra with details of ordaining and seven crops out of one sowing; the south wall also features the Maitreya-S£tra; the east wall illustrates a s£tra. The altar on the west wall contains a statue of a sitting Buddha cast in the Five Dynasties along with two bodhisattvas in padm¡sana, two bodhisattvas and two devar¡jas. The east side of the east wall illustrates the Avatamsaka-S£tra, below this are seven bodhisattvas. On the west side (above the altar) are depicted the eight categories of supernatural beings. Above the entrance of the east wall is a portrait of Rocana Buddha; the south side of the entrance illustrates the Maµju¿r¢-S£tra below which is a figure of bodhisattva; the north side illustrates the Samantabhadra-S£tra below which are bodhisattvas.

Period of Construction: Sui Dynasty.

Contents: The front portion of the west slope of the ceiling shows a preaching scene while the rear portion has the figure of an Asura King flanked by an illustration of the Vimalak¢rti-nirde¿a-S£tra on either side. On the south and north are portraits of Maµju¿r¢ and Vimalak¢rti respectively. The shallow circular niche on the west wall shelters statues of sitting Buddha, two disciples and two bodhisattvas. Four disciples are shown on either side of the halo; the lintel shows the figure of an Aupap¡daka born out of lotus. The beam of the niche has a carved dragon head; on the north side outside of the niche are the figures of a musician and bodhisattva. Miniature Buddhas cover the north wall.

Period of Construction: Northern Wei (renovated during the Five Dynasties and Western Xia).

Contents: Corridor: The north wall shows alms-offering bodhisattvas drawn in Western Xia.

Main Hall: The east-facing niche on the central column contains statues of a sitting Buddha, two disciples and four bodhisattvas and a horse-hoof shaped throne cast in Western Xia. The ceiling of the niche shows flower clusters in the centre; the four slopes are painted with decorative hangings. The top portion of the west wall is covered by decorative hangings drawn in Western Xia; the middle portion features the miniature Buddhas; the lower portion shows narrow doorway with precious offerings painted inside. The north and south walls have the same features as the west wall. The east wall features three celestial musicians painted during Northern Wei; the middle portion of the wall is covered by miniature Buddhas; at the lower portion are donor bhikÀus; further below are portraits of nine male donors drawn in the Five Dynasties.

Period of Construction: High Tang (renovated during Song).

Contents: Ante-room: On the west slope of the ceiling is a preaching scene. The west wall illustrates the Chapter on Buddhaloka of the Vimalak¢rti-nirde¿a-S£tra drawn in Song Dynasty. The south wall illustrates a s£tra drawn in Song. The north and south walls portray a bodhisattva each.

Corridor: The centre of the ceiling illustrates the BhaiÀajyaguru-S£tra drawn in Song. The north and south slopes have each three cross-legged sitting Buddhas drawn in Song. The north and south walls feature alms-offering bodhisattvas also drawn in Song.

Main Hall: The slopes of the ceiling show flying figures along with decorative hangings and chess-board with floral designs (faded because of fumigation). The niche on the west wall contains the statues of a sitting Buddha and two disciples, two bodhisattvas and two devar¡jas. The north and south walls are covered by miniature Buddhas drawn in Song; the same is seen above the entrance of the east wall. Flaming pearls are seen on north, south and east walls.

Period of Construction: Northern Wei (renovated during the Five Dynasties and Western Xia).

Contents: Corridor: The ceiling shows floral designs in the centre; the north and south slopes are painted with decorative hangings. The north and south walls of the corridor feature three alms-offering bodhisattvas each.

Main Hall: The niche on the central column contains statues of a sitting Buddha and two each of disciples and bodhisattvas cast in Five Dynasties. The ceiling of the niche shows floral designs in the centre; the four slopes are painted with decorative hangings. The north, south and west walls have similar designs, miniature Buddhas cover the centre portion. The lower level of the north and south walls exposes miniature Buddhas drawn during Northern Wei and donors drawn during the Five Dynasties. Above the entrance of the east wall is a preaching scene (damaged due to smoke); the Sukh¡vat¢-S£tra is illustrated on the north and south sides of the entrance.

Period of Construction: Sui (the stucco statues redecorated in Qing).

Contents: The centre of the caisson ceiling displays four inverted lotuses. To the west of the niche lintel is a painting showing an Aupap¡daka, on the two sides are miniature Buddhas in two rows. The south slope is painted with the railings and walls of the celestial palace and decorative hangings. Below these in two rows are miniature Buddhas and five flying figures. The north and the east walls feature similar paintings with the difference in the number of flying figures. A sitting Buddha can be seen in the circular niche of the west wall, outside the niche, on either side is a statue of a bodhisattva. The upper portion of the south wall shows miniature Buddhas; at the lower level are a bhikÀun¢ and a female donor; further down are the yakÀas. The north wall has the same patterns of paintings as the south wall, instead of female donor there are two male donors. Above the entrance of the east wall and nearer the north are miniature Buddhas, below these miniature portraits are three male donors.

Period of Construction: Sixteen Kingdoms and Sui Dynasty.

Contents: The caisson ceiling shows four inverted lotuses, a flame and decorative hangings. The top portion of the south shows miniature Buddhas; the middle portion has a preaching scene while the lower portion is not clear. The east and west walls feature miniature Buddhas with donors painted below. Above the entrance on the north wall and on its east and west sides are miniature Buddhas. This cave is north-facing and was a meditating cave of Cave No. 268; paintings drawn in Sui feature in this cave.

Period of Construction: The Sixteen Kingdoms (renovated during Sui and Song).

Contents: There are four inverted lotuses on the ceiling with flying figures, Aupap¡dakas, flame and chess-board patterns on the four sides. The niche on the west wall shelters a cross-ankled Buddha statue, its head was repaired in Song. The south wall features miniature Buddhas and a preaching scene drawn in Sui; the lower level shows figures of yakÀas and flying figures. The north wall has the same features as the south wall.

Period of Construction: The Sixteen Kingdoms and Sui Dynasty.

Contents: A pattern is still visible in a corner of the ceiling; the south wall features a preaching scene with donor figures below. The east and the west walls show miniature Buddhas with donor figures at the lower level. Above the entrance on the east wall and on the east and west sides of the entrance are miniature Buddhas. This cave is north-facing and has paintings drawn in Sui.

Period of Construction: The Sixteen Kingdoms and Sui Dynasty.

Contents: Miniature Buddhas cover the north wall with a preaching Buddha in the centre; donor images are below. The top portion of the east and west walls is covered by miniature Buddhas; the middle portion shows a preaching scene; the lower portion has the donors. The south wall is painted with miniature Buddhas; on the west side of the entrance is a male donor.

Period of Construction: The Sixteen Kingdoms and Sui Dynasty.

Contents: The ceiling shows a preaching scene with Buddha and four bodhisattvas; the lonicera plant forms the border designs on the four slopes. The mural on the north wall features miniature Buddhas with a preaching Buddha in the centre; images of donors are below. The east and west walls are painted with miniature Buddhas. The middle portion of these two walls has a preaching scene each. Painted above the entrance of the south wall and to its east and west are miniature Buddhas. On the east side of the entrance at a lower level is a donor figure. This cave acts as a meditating cave and is south-facing having paintings drawn in Sui.

Period of Construction: The Sixteen Kingdoms (renovated during the Five Dynasties).

Contents: Corridor: The ceiling shows an Usher Buddha drawn in the Five Dynasties. The south wall features Amoghap¡¿a Avalokite¿vara and the north wall Cint¡ma¸i-Cakra Avalokite¿vara, both drawn in the Five Dynasties.

Main Hall: The caisson ceiling shows four inverted lotus flowers, flame and flying figures. The west slope shows six celestial musicians and a row of bodhisattvas. The south wall has five celestial musicians, six flying figures, miniature Buddhas and a row of Aupap¡dakas. On the north slope are five celestial musicians, six flying figures and a row of miniature Buddhas. On the east slope are five celestial musicians, a sage with a big head, five flying figures, a bodhisattva and a row of miniature Buddhas. The niche on the west wall shelters a statue of a sitting Buddha (its head was repaired in Qing). Both the north and south walls have miniature Buddhas with a preaching Buddha in the centre, the lower portion is blurred.  The east end of the south wall and the west end of the north wall each have a hole drilled in it. The north and south sides of the entrance on the east wall show miniature Buddhas.

Period of Construction: Northern Wei.

Contents: The niche contains a meditating statue having sharp features and the head covered by a kaÀ¡ya.

Period of Construction: Sui Dynasty.

Contents: Main Hall: The east and west slopes of the ceiling are covered by miniature Buddhas and lonicera designs. Painted in the niche on the west wall are a halo and four disciples. The south wall displays miniature Buddhas with female donors below them. Similarly the north wall features miniature Buddhas with male donors below them.

Period of Construction: The Sixteen Kingdoms (renovated during Song). This is the earliest cave of the Northern Liang period.

Contents: Corridor: The centre of the ceiling and the north and south slopes of the ceiling show traces of paintings drawn in Song.

Main Hall: The west slope of the ceiling shows two flying figures and seven miniature Buddhas; the south slope of the ceiling has three flying figures and fifteen miniature Buddhas; the north slope shows one flying figure and five miniature Buddhas all drawn during Song. The west wall has a statue of Maitreya Bodhisattva sitting with feet crossed; two lion statues on both sides of the throne on the west wall. On the east side of the south wall is a niche sheltering a statue of a meditating bodhisattva; the two sides of the niche have portraits of two bodhisattvas drawn during Song. The north wall has three niches with statues and paintings similar to the niche on the south wall. Below the niche from west to east are the j¡taka tales of King Bilengkali, King áibi and King Chandraprabha. Below these tales are shown thirty-three donors drawn in Northern Wei. The wall shows border designs and decorative hangings. Above the entrance of the east wall are three preaching scenes along with five sitting Buddhas. On the south side of the entrance is a portrait of Cint¡ma¸i-Cakra Avalokite¿vara along with two sitting Buddhas. Below them are nine female donors. On the north side of the entrance is a portrait of Amoghap¡¿a Avalokite¿vara and two damaged figures of female donors.

Period of Construction: Sui Dynasty.

Contents: The west slope of the caisson ceiling shows á¡kyamuni and Prabh£taratna sharing the same platform drawn in Sui, two kinnaras. Flying figures are drawn on the west and north slopes. The niche on the west wall contains statue of a cross-legged sitting Buddha with a disciple and a bodhisattva; the south wall has a preaching scene, at the lower level is a row of female donors; the north wall features a preaching bodhisattva and two attending bodhisattvas; donors are at the lower level. The north side of the entrance on the east wall has a faded devar¡ja in a corner.

Period of Construction: Sui Dynasty (renovated during the Five Dynasties).

Contents: The north, south and west slopes are partially covered by miniature Buddhas. The west wall has a niche opening from both inside and outside. The inner layer of the niche's wall is painted with flame, lotus and the Buddha light; the two sides have a flying figure each. Painted on the outer niche's lintel are flame, lotus designs, two flying figures and other figures. In one corner of the south wall are miniature Buddhas; the lower portion displays bodhisattvas drawn in the Five Dynasties. The top portion of the north wall features miniature Buddhas; the middle portion shows á¡kyamuni and Prabh£taratna. The west side illustrates the Vimalak¢rti-nirde¿a-S£tra showing Maµju¿r¢; below are the bodhisattvas and female donors drawn during the Five Dynasties. The south side of the entrance on the east wall shows four female donors drawn in the Five Dynasties. On the north side of the entrance are four miniature Buddhas drawn in Sui, at the lower level are five female donors painted during the Five Dynasties. This cave was cleared in 1947.

Period of Construction: Sui (renovated during the Five Dynasties).

Contents: The west slope of the ceiling shows miniature Buddhas. The niche on the west wall shows the flame and a Buddha halo in the inner layer with two disciples on either side of the halo; the outer layer of the ceiling of the niche also has flame, Buddha halo. On the two sides of the niche's column are two flying figures and lotus designs. The north and south walls of the niche show the disciples. The south wall shows railings and walls of the celestial mansions, and flying figures at the top, a preaching scene in the middle and five male donors painted in the Five Dynasties at the bottom. The north wall has the same features as the south wall. Of the seven Buddhas which were drawn above the entrance of the east wall there remain only three. On the north and south sides of the entrance is a portrait each of a devar¡ja.

Period of Construction: Sui Dynasty.

Contents: The centre of the caisson ceiling has a lotus flower; on the four slopes are decorative hangings and miniature Buddhas. The west wall originally had statues of a Buddha, two each of disciples and bodhisattvas, these are all damaged. The wall also features a halo and bodhi tree flanked by three disciple figures on both sides. Miniature Buddhas with a preaching scene in the centre cover the south wall; below them is a row of donors, the west end of the wall had statues of attending Bodhisattvas but they are damaged now. The north wall has the same features as the south wall and in the same order. The east end of the north wall shows devar¡jas. Above the entrance of the east wall are miniature Buddhas; a devar¡ja is on the north side of the entrance. This cave was discovered in June 1947.

Period of Construction: Sui (renovated during the the Five Dynasties).

Contents: Corridor: The centre of the ceiling shows a portion of a painting. The north and south slopes are covered by decorative hangings. The north and south walls feature preaching scenes. All these are drawn in the Five Dynasties.

Main Hall: The front part of the ceiling in the main hall is painted with miniature Buddhas. The west wall features a statue of standing Buddha without head and a statue of Ënanda. On either side of the Buddha statue are four disciples, lotus flower and lonicera designs. The south corner shows á¡kyamuni being ordained to monkhood, the north side has Buddha riding an elephant and entering M¡y¡dev¢'s womb. The south wall is painted with miniature Buddhas; a bhikÀun¢ and fifteen female donors are at the lower level. The north wall has the same painting as the south wall but instead of female donors there are male donors. Miniature Buddhas cover the space above the entrance of the east wall. On the south side of the entrance are miniature Buddhas, below are the ox carts and attendants. On the north side are miniature Buddhas below which are horse grooms, horses and attendants. This cave was buried in Qing and was excavated on January 15, 1944.

Period of Construction: Sui (renovated during the Five Dynasties and Western Xia).

Contents: Ante-room: Murals drawn during the Five Dynasties are seen at the lower level on the south side of the west wall entrance, these are blurred; the north side shows a portrait of Vai¿rava¸a; below it are three male donors.

Corridor: The ceiling has a painting at the lower layer drawn during the Five Dynasties. The murals on the north and south walls are faded and drawn in Western Xia.

Main Hall: The caisson ceiling has the cross- cudgel designs in the centre. The four slopes are covered by circular lines and decorative hangings; the north, south and east sides have floral designs and decorative hangings; the west slope shows a canopy of bodhi-ratna. Buddha light drawn during Western Xia is on the west wall, on its two sides are halo and flowers; a sitting Buddha, disciples and donors drawn during Sui are at the lower level. The west wall also has a horse-hoof shaped Buddha throne. The surface layer of the north and south walls has portraits of two bodhisattvas drawn during Western Xia. Precious offerings are painted above the entrance of the east wall; a standing bodhisattva is painted on the north and south sides of the entrance.

Period of Construction: Sui Dynasty.

Contents: Ante-room: To the north and south of the entrance on the west wall are lonicera border designs drawn in Sui.

Main Hall: The south and north sides of the entrance on the west wall in the ante-room show the lonicera designs. The ceiling in the main hall is covered by the miniature Buddhas. The niche on the west wall shelters statues of cross-legged sitting Buddha and two disciples, outside the niche are two statues of bodhisattvas. Statues of Buddha and two bodhisattvas carved during Sui are on the south wall. The mural on the wall shows miniature Buddhas; below are portraits of two female donors. The north wall shows similar paintings. On the north and south sides of the entrance on the east wall are miniature Buddhas; below are traces of female donors.

Period of Construction: Early Tang.

Contents: The west and north slopes are covered by decorative hangings. The south, west and north slopes are painted with miniature Buddhas. The niche on the west wall contains statues of cross-legged sitting Buddha and two disciples (two bodhisattva statues are lost). The south wall features miniature Buddhas with a preaching scene in the centre; below them are blurred images of donors and warriors. The north wall is partially covered by miniature Buddhas.

Period of Construction: Sui Dynasty.

Contents: Painted on the west slope of the ceiling are four bodhisattvas with three heads and six arms and three heads and four arms. The ceiling of the niche on the west wall has two flying figures. The north and south walls are covered by miniature Buddhas with a preaching scene in the centre. Painted below in the three corners are decorative hangings. To the north, south and above the lintel of the entrance on the east wall are miniature Buddhas.

Period of Construction: Western Xia (renovated during Middle Tang, Song, Western Xia and Yuan Dynasties).

Contents: Ante-room: The west slope of the ceiling has a painting which has faded completely and was drawn during Song. Above the entrance on the west wall is Cave No. 286. On the south side of the entrance are donors painted in Song. The lower portion has a painting drawn in Middle Tang and the lowermost portion has one drawn in Western Wei. The north side of the entrance is Cave No. 287 showing a donor figure drawn during Song. The north and south walls feature murals which are faded, drawn in Song.

Corridor: The ceiling shows a cross-legged sitting Buddha; the north and south walls feature Cint¡ma¸i-Cakra Avalokite¿vara and Amoghap¡¿a Avalokite¿vara both drawn in Middle Tang.

Main Hall: The caisson ceiling of the cave has large paintings on top and also on the four slopes featuring very interesting figures which deserve careful study. It seems to be scenes of the Heaven above Mount Sumeru, but the celestial figures painted look eclectic, mixing Chinese legends with Indian traditions (both Buddhist and Brahmanical perhaps). The Dunhuang Academy has identified "Kaiming" (Vimalacitra), "Zhuque" (GaruÎa), "Feilian" (a winged animal figure), "Ren-fei-ren"/"Wuhuo" (?), "Fuxi" (the "sun god" ?), "Nuwa" (the "moon god") etc. whose identities may need further examination. The two figures on the east slope who are identified as Fuxi and Nuwa are holding the stem of a lotus plant on top of which seems to be a jewel symbolizing Dharmaratna. The same lotus painting figures also on the south slope, on the Dharmaratna there seem to be white snakes drawn on it. The south wall has twelve celestial musicians on the top portion; the middle portion has a scene from the story of Aptanetravana (the forest of recovered eyes). The west end exhibits á¡kyamuni and Prabh£taratna; below are four meditating caves with lonicera designs painted in each of them. East-westwards on the north wall are the portraits of Buddha of boundless life, Kanakamuni, K¡¿yapa, Buddha, á¡kya and Prabh£taratna and seven preaching scenes; below each painting is inscribed an invocation along with male and female donor figures. Above the entrance on the east wall is a portrait of Buddha of the three worlds; Buddha of boundless age is to the south of the entrance; below them is inscribed an invocation; fourteen male donors are shown on the south side. On the north side are thirteen female donors; below them are the donors drawn in Song and further below is a yakÀa painted in Western Wei. Portrayed on the north side of the entrance is the Buddha of boundless age; below is inscribed an invocation. On the south side are fourteen female donors while the north side has thirteen male donors. The north wall was constructed in the fourth year of Datong era (539) and in the fifth year of the same era the invocation was inscribed.

Period of Construction: Western Wei (renovated during Middle Tang).

Contents: The east slope of the ceiling shows lotus and ma¸i designs. Only two of the four lotus and ma¸i designs drawn on the west slope are clear. The west wall features a preaching scene drawn during Middle Tang; the south wall is covered by miniature Buddhas, a portion of which is blurred; at the lower level are decorative hangings which are blurred. The north wall features the same mural as the south wall. This cave is positioned above the entrance on the west wall of the ante-room of Cave No. 285.

Period of Construction: Early Tang (renovated in the Five Dynasties and Qing).

Contents: Ante-room: The west wall has portraits of donors drawn during Song.

Main Hall: The ceiling has pomegranate and floral designs in the centre; the four slopes are painted with decorative hangings and miniature Buddhas. The circular niche on the west wall shelters a statue of cross-legged sitting Buddha cast in Early Tang. The north and south walls have each two rows of miniature Buddhas on the top portion; a preaching scene in the middle portion; four Vajr¡ warriors drawn during the Five Dynasties in the lower portion. There are miniature Buddhas above the entrance of the east wall; portraits of devar¡jas are seen on the north and south sides of the entrance; at the lower level are flowers drawn during the Five Dynasties. This cave is located beyond the west wall to the north of the entrance in the ante-room of Cave No. 285.

Period of Construction: Western Wei (renovated during Tang and the Five Dynasties).

Contents: Ante-room: The west slope of the ceiling features the Universal Gate of Avalokite¿vara drawn during the Five Dynasties. Above the entrance of the west wall is inscribed an invocation flanked by the figure of Vai¿rava¸a attending Nata's sermon. The inner layer of wall coating on the south side of the entrance exposes portraits of devar¡jas drawn during Western Wei, the middle layer has a painting drawn in Tang and the surface layer shows a painting drawn during the Five Dynasties which is blurred. The north side of the entrance shows a painting on the inner layer drawn during Western Xia, the middle layer has a painting drawn in Tang and the surface layer-a blurred painting drawn during the Five Dynasties. The inner layer of the south wall has a portrait of devar¡ja drawn during Western Wei; the middle layer has a painting drawn in Tang and the surface layer illustrates the Vimalak¢rti-nirde¿a-S£tra below which are donors; both the s£tra illustration and donors are drawn during the Five Dynasties. The inner layer of the north wall shows traces of a painting from Western Wei, the middle layer has a portrait of Maµju¿r¢ with thousand arms and thousand bowls drawn in Tang, the surface layer has a blurred painting drawn during the Five Dynasties.

Corridor: The centre of the ceiling illustrates the BhaiÀajyaguru-S£tra drawn in the Five Dynasties. The north and south slopes are covered by decorative hangings also drawn in the Five Dynasties. The north and south walls feature portraits of Cint¡ma¸i-Cakra Avalokite¿vara and Amoghap¡¿a Avalokite¿vara respectively, both are drawn in the Five Dynasties. Below both these portraits is drawn a narrow doorway with precious offerings painted inside it.

Main Hall: The east-facing circular niche of the central column shelters the statue of a cross-legged sitting Buddha. Outside the niche is a bodhisattva statue, on either side. The south-facing side of the column has two niches. The top one housing a meditating Buddha, while the lower one a Buddha practising ascetics. The west- facing side of the column has two niches with a cross-legged sitting Buddha inside the top niche and a meditating Buddha in the lower one. The north-facing side has two niches both housing a meditating Buddha.The top portion of the west wall shows thirteen heavenly musicians, the middle portion has miniature Buddhas with a white-robed Buddha preaching the dharma, in the centre; below these in the three corners are decorative hangings. The south wall depicts nineteen celestial musicians on the top layer, the front portion has a preaching scene, the rear portion shows miniature Buddhas having the preaching scene in the centre; the three corners at the lower layer show decorative hangings. The north wall shows eighteen celestial musicians with the front and rear portion of the wall having the same paintings as the south wall. Painted above the entrance of the east wall are fourteen celestial musicians. To the south of the entrance is miniature Buddha depiction; a donor bhikÀun¢, eight female donors and three attendants are below; further below these are two female donors drawn in the Five Dynasties. The three corners show floral motifs. On the north side of the entrance are miniature Buddhas; below these are six male donors, three attendants and a donor bhikÀu, a groom and a horse, below these are floral designs in the three corners.

Period of Construction: Sui (renovated in Song).

Contents: Floral designs are painted on the ceiling; the north, south and west slopes have the floral motifs and decorative hangings. The circular niche of the west wall contains a statue of cross-legged sitting Buddha; the niche has a portrait of a disciple, a bodhisattva, halo and flowers drawn during Song, of which a portion has been damaged due to drilling during the Five Dynasties. The lower layer has a painting drawn during Sui; the north wall features disciples, halo and flowers.

Period of Construction: Northern Zhou (renovated in Song).

Contents: The east-facing circular niche on the central column contains statues of sitting Buddha, two disciples. Outside the niche on both sides is a bodhisattva statue. The ceiling and the walls of the niche show several designs. The west-facing circular niche has statues of a cross-ankled bodhisattva, and two bodhisattvas. Outside on the two sides is a bodhisattva statue. The south-facing circular niche has statues of a sitting Buddha and two disciples. There is bodhisattva statue on each of the two sides outside the niche. The north-facing circular niche contains the same statues as the other three niches. The west wall shows celestial palace railings and walls, twenty-four musicians on the top layer, the middle layer shows miniature Buddha depiction with the lower layer having a painting of sixty donor bhikÀus; further below are eleven yakÀas. The south wall shows the same painting as the west wall, but in the front portion there are eight celestial musicians, a meditating Buddha, one Buddha, two bodhisattvas and four aupap¡dakas, the middle portion has the depiction of miniature Buddhas, there are three donor bhikÀus and eleven male donors shown below; the lowermost layer shows a painting of yakÀas (blurred). The rear portion also has celestial palace railings and walls, twenty celestial musicians on the top layer; the middle portion shows miniature Buddhas and below these are thirty-five donor bhikÀus along with fifty male donors and yakÀas. The east wall shows heavenly palace railings and walls, lonicera designs etc. There are ten heavenly musicians on each of the two sides; the centre shows miniature Buddhas; the lower portion shows donors and horse-drawn chariots (blurred); further below are the yakÀas (blurred).

Period of Construction: Northern Zhou (renovated in Western Xia).

Contents: Ante-room: The west slope has decorative hangings (a large portion is damaged). Painted above the entrance of the west wall are seven cross-legged sitting bodhisattvas; the south side of the entrance shows two bodhisattvas and the north side a bodhisattva.

Corridor: The centre of the ceiling is painted with floral designs. The north and south slopes are covered by decorative hangings. The north and south walls are painted with hanging curtains.

Main Hall: The caisson ceiling has the cross-cudgel designs with round petalled lotus in the centre; on the four slopes are shown the circular lines, floral motifs; chess-board patterns can be seen on the north, south and west slopes. The east slope is covered by the circular lines and floral motifs. The circular niche of the west wall contains a statue of a sitting Buddha repaired during Western Xia. The south wall is painted with decorative hangings on the top, the Sukh¡vat¢-S£tra is illustrated in the middle portion. The north wall's illustrations are the same as the south wall. Decorative hangings and two flying figures are seen above the entrance of the east wall, on the south side of the entrance is a portrait of Maµju¿r¢ and on the north side is Samantabhadra.

Period of Construction: Sui (renovated during High Tang, the Five Dynasties, Western Xia and Qing).

Contents: Ante-room: The west slope of the ceiling is covered by miniature Buddhas drawn during High Tang. Above the entrance of the west wall is inscribed an invocation on either side of which are two cross-legged sitting Buddhas. On the south side of the entrance is a statue of a Vajr£ warrior and a portrait of thousand-armed and thousand-eyed Avalokite¿vara drawn during the Five Dynasties. The lower layer shows a narrative painting from Sui. To the north of the entrance is a statue of Vajr¡ warrior, a painting drawn in the Five Dynasties which is damaged and a narrative painting from Sui can be seen at the bottom. The top portion of the south wall illustrates the Samantabhadra-S£tra drawn during the Five Dynasties; blurred images of donors are seen below. The north wall displays a portrait of Maµju¿¢ drawn during the Five Dynasties; below it donor images.

Corridor: The ceiling shows a BhaiÀajyaguru Buddha drawn in the Five Dynasties. The north and south walls feature a devar¡ja drawn in the Five Dynasties. The south wall shows donors at the lower level.

Main Hall: The niche on the east-facing side of the central column contains a standing Buddha statue, miniature Buddhas are painted on the wall, a donor bhikÀu is painted on either side of miniature Buddhas. The niches on the north, south and west faces of the column shelter statues of a meditating Buddha and two disciples. The front portion of the caisson ceiling and the east slope show miniature Buddhas. The Buddha of three Lokas can be seen in the shallow niche on the west slope; painted on the two sides are devar¡jas, gods, bodhisattva, seven disciples and two flying figures. Miniature Buddhas can be seen to the south of the rear portion and to the north is a supplementary painting of miniature Buddha belonging to Western Xia. There is a standing Buddha statue in the front portion of south wall along with Buddha throne drawn in High Tang. The south wall features flying musicians and celestial palace railings and walls on the top layer, miniature Buddhas in the middle, nine yakÀas at the lower level. The north wall shows the same paintings as the south wall and so does the west wall. Above the entrance of the east wall there are depictions of musicians and flying figures, celestial palace railings and walls, the middle portion shows Aupap¡dakas and miniature Buddhas and the lower portion shows six yakÀas (blurred).

Period of Construction: Sui (renovated during the Five Dynasties and Qing).

Contents: The east and the west slopes of the ceiling have miniature Buddhas, the ridge of the slopes shows garlands and hanging curtains as the border designs. The circular niche on the west wall contains statues of Buddha and two bodhisattvas which have been repaired in Qing, formerly there were two disciple statues also, but these have been damaged now. There are blurred images of miniature Buddhas in the niche and also on the south, north slopes and outside the niche. The north and south walls are covered by miniature Buddhas, one half of which was damaged while hewing caves during Qing. Above the entrance and to the south are miniature Buddhas (blurred) with a damaged painting of donors drawn during the Five Dynasties.

Period of Construction: Northern Zhou (renovated during the Five Dynasties and Qing Dynasty).

Contents: Ante-room: The west slope of the ceiling depicts a meditating Buddha. The south slope shows portrait of Amoghap¡¿a Avalokite¿vara and the north the Cint¡ma¸i-Cakra Avalokite¿vara. Above the entrance of the west wall is an invocation inscribed during the Five Dynasties flanked by the “Moon-and-Water“ Avalokite¿vara on the two sides. On the north and south sides of the entrance are portraits of Vir£dhaka and Vai¿rava¸a respectively. The south wall has the s£tra illustration painted during the Five Dynasties. The north wall has a portrait of thousand-armed and thousand-eyed Avalokite¿vara drawn during the Five Dynasties; below it are donors.

Corridor: The centre of the ceiling illustrates the BhaiÀajyaguru-S£tra drawn in the Five Dynasties. The north and south slopes each show five cross-legged sitting Buddha. The north and south walls feature Maµju¿r¢ and Samantabhadra respectively both drawn in the Five Dynasties.

Main Hall: The ceiling shows a sitting Buddha in the centre with lotus and flames in the background. The four slopes are painted with decorative hangings encircling miniature Buddhas, the four slopes are painted with life of Buddha; below are the palace railings, flying figures and decorative hangings. The circular niche on the west wall contains statues of a sitting Buddha and two disciples. On both sides of the niche are two celestial figures identified as Dong Wanggong or Indra and Xi Wangmu or Indra's queen. The south wall shows miniature Buddhas with the preaching scene in the centre; below is a row of donors, four musicians, eleven bhikÀus and twenty-one male donors; further below are the yakÀas (blurred). The north wall features miniature Buddhas with a preaching scene in the centre (blurred); below is a row of donors, ten bhikÀun¢s and eleven female donors with an attendant. Further below are shown thirteen yakÀas (blurred). Above the entrance on the east wall and on the south side of the entrance are miniature Buddhas, below are seven female donors, female attendants and a bullock cart. The yakÀas occupy the lowermost level. The north side of the entrance has miniature Buddhas; eight male donors, attendants, horse and driver are at the lower level and further below are the yakÀas (blurred).

Period of Construction: Sui (the stucco statues being renovated in Qing).

Contents: The east slope of the ceiling shows miniature Buddhas while the west slope shows the Nirv¡¸a-S£tra while lotus and gems are painted on the ridge. The niche on the west wall contains statues of Buddha and two disciples (repaired in Qing). The south wall features miniature Buddhas with a preaching scene in the centre; the lower level shows ten female donors. The north wall shows miniature Buddhas with a preaching scene in the centre, below these are portraits of twelve male donors. The east wall also shows miniature Buddhas.

Period of Construction: Northern Zhou (renovated during the Five Dynasties and Qing).

Contents: Ante-room: The west slope of the ceiling has a painting of the Buddha of Medicine of the East drawn during the Five Dynasties. Above the entrance of the west wall is a preaching scene, a portrait of Vai¿rava¸a drawn in the Five Dynasties is to the south of the entrance, donor figures are seen below. To the north of the entrance is a portrait of Vir£dhaka. The south wall portrays Samantabhadra drawn during the Five Dynasties; donor figures are shown below. The north wall features Maµju¿r¢ drawn during the Five Dynasties with donor figures below it.

Corridor: An Usher Buddha in the centre of the ceiling drawn in the Five Dynasties. Both the north and south slopes of the ceiling feature three cross-legged sitting Buddhas. The north and south walls have a preaching scene.

Main Hall: The caisson ceiling has four inverted lotus flowers, lonicera designs and flying figures in the centre. On the four slopes can be seen miniature Buddhas, lonicera designs and decorative hangings. The west slope shows narrative paintings. The niche on the west wall contains the statue of a sitting Buddha along with two disciple statues. On both sides of the niche are two celestial figures identified as Dong- wanggong or Indra and Xiwangmu or Indra's wife. The south wall has miniature Buddhas along with, the Aptanetravana and nine yak¦as. The north wall has similar paintings. Below the miniature Buddhas is a description of the chapter on Lady Sumati and eight yakÀa figures. Above the entrance of the east wall are miniature Buddhas; two bhik¦us and eleven female donors are below; further below are three yak¦as. Miniature Buddhas cover the north side of the entrance. Painted below these figures are seven male donors; further below are three yakÀas.

Period of Construction: Northern Zhou (renovated during the Five Dynasties).

Contents: Ante-room: Three Buddhas preaching the dharma are depicted on the west slope of the ceiling drawn during the Five Dynasties. An invocation of the Five Dynasties vintage is inscribed on the upper portion of the west wall flanked by two bodhisattvas, south and north of the entrance features Devar¡jas of the Five Dynasties; a bodhisattva figure is seen on the south wall and the north wall features BhaiÀajyaguru Buddha. Both these paintings are drawn during the Five Dynasties.

Corridor: Centre of the niche features a painting of Usher Buddha and four cross-legged sitting Buddhas on the north and south slopes.

Main Hall: The centre of the caisson ceiling in the main hall shows four inverted lotus designs; the four slopes show decorative hangings and miniature Buddhas. The niche on the west wall contains statues of a sitting Buddha, Ënanda and K¡¿yapa. Outside, to the north and south are bodhisattva statues, one on each side. The north and south walls have miniature Buddha figures with a row of donor figures below; the east wall features miniature Buddhas above the entrance and the north and south sides have the same figures; below is a row of donors and further below is a row of yakÀas.

Period of Construction: Northern Zhou (renovated during Western Xia).

Contents: The east and west slopes of the ceiling are covered by miniature Buddhas. The west wall has a Buddha throne cast in Western Xia having clouds as border designs. A preaching scene is featured on the wall; below it is inscribed an invocation. There are two male and two female donors on either side (blurred). The top layer of the south wall shows miniature Buddhas; below these only four figures are unimpaired in a row of donors. The north wall also shows miniature Buddhas on the top layer and a row of donors at the bottom, only three remain. Above the entrance of the east wall is the portrait of a meditating Buddha. To the north and south of the entrance is a devar¡ja. Originally there were no statues in this cave, during Western Xia and Jin Dynasties statues of Buddha and two bodhisattvas were placed on the west wall, but the statues are lost today.

Period of Construction: Northern Zhou (renovated during the Five Dynasties and Qing).

Contents: Ante-room: A preaching scene drawn during the Five Dynasties is above the entrance of the west wall. On the south side of the entrance is a depiction of Amoghap¡¿a-Avalokite¿vara while to the north is a portrait of Cintama¸i-Cakra Avalokite¿vara both drawn during the Five Dynasties and both are blurred from below.

Corridor: The ceiling displays a preaching scene drawn in the Five Dynasties. The north and south walls feature a bodhisattva each also drawn in the Five Dynasties.

Main Hall: The centre of the caisson ceiling in the main hall shows four inverted lotus flowers. The four slopes are painted with decorative hangings; to the south of the niche lintel is illustrated the j¡taka of Prince Sattva; there are also celestial palace musicians. The story of Samaka and heavenly palace musicians are depicted to the north of the niche lintel. The circular niche on the west wall contains the statues of a sitting Buddha, two disciples (the head was repaired during Qing). On each of the north and south sides outside the niche is a bodhisattva statue. The niche's walls show the Buddha light, a flying figure on each side and a disciple. Below to the south is the figure of a deer-headed brahmac¡rin and to the north is Vasudeva. The niche's lintel shows the lotus-born Aupap¡dakas, kinnara musicians and a lotus column. The north and south sides each have a bodhisattva statue; below the niche flanking the inscribed invocation are two donor figures, further below are six yakÀas. The south wall shows miniature Buddhas, the donor figures are shown below. A hole drilled during the Qing is seen on the lower level of the wall. Below miniature Buddhas on the north wall are two donors; decorative hangings seen on the ridge of the three walls; as in the south wall, this wall too shows a hole drilled during the Qing. Above the entrance of the east wall and to the north and south are miniature Buddhas, below these are the donors drawn in the Five Dynasties; below them is a yakÀa on the north side.

Period of Construction: High Tang (renovated during the Five Dynasties).

Contents: Ante-room: Above the entrance of the west wall is a portrait of Avalokite¿vara drawn during the Five Dynasties. To the south of the entrance is Cint¡ma¸i-Cakra Avalokite¿vara also from the Five Dynasties the lower portion of which is blurred. To the north of the entrance is an eleven-headed Avalokite¿vara with its lower portion blurred.

Main Hall: The east slope of the ceiling shows a canopy of bodhi-ratna; the west slope depicts a meditating Buddha drawn in the Five Dynasties. In the circular niche on the west wall is a statue of sitting Buddha. Lotus designs can be seen on both sides, outside the niche. The south wall has a portrait of devar¡ja drawn during the Five Dynasties (blurred) and the north wall of Vai¿rava¸a (blurred).

Cave Nos. [ 1 - 50   |  51 - 100  |  101 - 150  |  151 - 200  |  201 - 250 ]

[ 251 - 300   |  301 - 350  |  351 - 400  |  401 - 450  |  451 - 492 ]

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